First things first, say good bye to the web.xml deployment descriptor (at least for parts of it). Well its not like it is deprecated, but with the rise of the usage of annotations and their usage, the new specification allows us to define our configuration using annotations, though some thing such as welcome file lists, context params etc will still need to go inside your web.xml . Annotations available for use are;
- @WebServlet
- @WebFilter
- @WebInitParam
- @WebListener
- @MultipartConfig
In this article i would be checking out the @WebServilet and @WebFilter annotations. Let us see how we would usually map a servlet in the web.xml era;
<servlet>
<servlet-name>myservlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.example.MyServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>myservlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
With the Servlet 3.0 spec, now configuring a Servlet is as easy as annotating a class that extends HttpServlet. Lets see how that looks like;
@WebServlet("/student")
public class StudentServlet extends HttpServlet{
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 2276157893425171437L;
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1)
throws ServletException, IOException {
StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder(500);
response.append("<html><body>").append("Registered Student : ").append(arg0.getParameter("txtName")).append("</body></html>");
arg1.getOutputStream().write(response.toString().getBytes());
arg1.getOutputStream().flush();
arg1.getOutputStream().close();
}
}
All you need is the @WebServlet annotation. In order for this to work, the class should reside either in the WEB-INF/classes folder or within a jar residing in the WEB-INF/lib folder. Next up lets see how we would configure a filter with annotations.
package com.blog.example.servlettest;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
@WebFilter("/student")
public class StudentFilter implements Filter{
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest arg0, ServletResponse arg1,
FilterChain arg2) throws IOException, ServletException {
if(arg0.getParameter("txtName")==null || arg0.getParameter("txtName").isEmpty())
{
arg1.getWriter().append("Invalid name supplied");
arg1.getWriter().flush();
arg1.getWriter().close();
}
else
{
arg2.doFilter(arg0, arg1);
}
}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}
Again very easy. Just a mere annotation to notify it as a filter. Note that here we implement the Filter interface. The value or the urlPatterns should be available. Using both is illegal as per the specification.
In the coming weeks i will cover the other new annotations available with JEE6 and wrap up with a comprehensive example using them together. If JEE6 will replace Spring framework or not is not a question by itself, but i believe we would be seeing some fierce competition between the two. The annotations vs xml debate is more or less resolved with people with preference for each holding their own grounds. I believe a little bit from both worlds would be beneficial for an application.
You can download and run a sample example which i have uploaded here. If you are using JBoss-AS7 all you need to do is run the application server on standalone mode and do a mvn package jboss-as:deploy and point the browser to http://localhost:{port}/servlet3.0.
That is it for today. Thank you for reading and if you have any comments or suggestions for improvement, please do leave by a comment.
Have a good day all!!
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